ANNANDALE, Va. — Gooding's Tavern was operated by William Gooding Jr. (1768–1861) from 1807 until his death, and by his heirs until the building burned in 1879. Known as the "ten-mile house" because it stood ten miles from Alexandria on the Little River Turnpike, the tavern was famous throughout Northern Virginia for its fried chicken, peaches, and honey and served as a social, commercial, and postal gathering place for the surrounding community. The Goodings also operated a blacksmith shop and stable across the road. The tavern and the surrounding 2,100-acre property were sustained by the labor of enslaved people, and the site's African American heritage is directly connected to the community that later grew from it.

After the Civil War, Gooding's heirs sold parcels of land to freedpeople, enabling the founding of Ilda, a racially integrated community established by formerly enslaved blacksmiths Horace Gibson and Moses Parker near the intersection of Little River Turnpike and Guinea Road.

A Fairfax County History Commission marker commemorating Gooding's Tavern was erected in 2011 and stands just outside the boundaries of Pleasant Valley Memorial Park, across Little River Turnpike from the Northern Virginia Community College Annandale Campus.

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VIENNA, Va. —  Lillian Blackwell was a civil rights activist in Fairfax County who brought legal challenges against segregation in public accommodations and schools in Virginia. Her successful lawsuits helped compel the desegregation of public facilities, movie theaters, and public schools—a direct challenge to the Jim Crow system that governed daily life across Virginia.

A Fairfax County historical highway marker at Oakton High School honors Blackwell's courage and the lasting impact of her legal victories. She represents the often-unsung local activists whose courtroom battles helped turn the promises of the civil rights movement into tangible change at the community level.

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VIENNA, Va. — This historic African American cemetery on Orchard Street is one of two historic burial grounds in Fairfax County associated with the Sons and Daughters of Liberty, a Black fraternal and mutual aid society active during the post-Civil War era.

Organizations such as the Sons and Daughters of Liberty were essential institutions within Black communities across Virginia after emancipation, providing burial insurance, sick benefits, and a framework for community organization that helped fill the void created by exclusion from many white civic and religious institutions.

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ANNANDALE, Va. — Ilda, a racially integrated community took root in 1868 when Horace Gibson, a formerly enslaved blacksmith from Culpeper, purchased five acres at the intersection of Little River Turnpike and Guinea Road from the Gooding family and opened a blacksmith and wheelwright shop with his business partner, Moses Parker — also formerly enslaved. Among the rarest examples in the post-Civil War South of a Black-owned business anchoring a mixed-race settlement, their shop's prime location on the well-traveled turnpike made it the cornerstone of a community that grew to include roughly 40 to 50 families at its height in the 1890s.

The settlement's name was a contraction of "Matilda Gibson Parker," Horace Gibson's daughter, who later took over the blacksmith shop with her husband, Moses Parker's son, and ran it until 1910. By the late 1800s, Gibson and Parker together owned more than 400 acres, and Ilda became one of the rare post-Civil War communities anchored by a Black-owned business that also drew white residents and patrons.

A cemetery near the crossroads held the remains of Gibson and Parker descendants, as well as people enslaved by the Gooding family; the graves were rediscovered during road-widening plans and relocated to Pleasant Valley Memorial Park in 2006 after a decades-long campaign by descendant Dennis Howard.

Ilda disappeared from the map by 1950, when the whites-only Lee Forest subdivision was built over much of the original settlement. Today, a Virginia historical marker and a small cross at the old cemetery site are the only physical traces remaining.

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